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A dual-clutch transmission, (DCT) (sometimes referred to as a twin-clutch transmission or double-clutch transmission), is a type of automatic transmission or automated automotive transmission. It uses two separate clutches for odd and even gear sets. It can fundamentally be described as two separate manual transmissions (with their respective clutches) contained within one housing, and working as one unit.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.porsche.com/microsite/technology/default.aspx?pool=uk&ShowSingleTechterm=PTPDopKuGe&Category=&Model=&SearchedString=&SelectedVariant= )〕 They are usually operated in a fully automatic mode, and many also have the ability to allow the driver to manually shift gears in semi-automatic mode,〔 albeit still carried out by the transmission's electro-hydraulics. ==History== This type of transmission was invented by Frenchman Adolphe Kégresse just before World War II but he never developed a working model. The first development of the Twin Clutch or Dual-clutch transmission started in the early part of 1980 under the guidance of Harry Webster at Automotive Products (AP), Leamington Spa with prototypes built into the Ford Fiesta Mk1, Ford Ranger & Peugeot 205. Initially, the control systems were based on purely analogue/discrete digital circuitry with patents filed in July 1981. All of these early AP Twin Clutch installations featured a single dry clutch and multi-plate wet clutch. Following discussions with VW/Porsche, DCT work continued from Porsche in-house development, for Audi and Porsche racing cars later in the 1980s,〔 when computers to control the transmission became compact enough: the Porsche Doppelkupplungsgetriebe ((英語:dual-clutch gearbox)) (PDK)〔 used in the Porsche 956〔 and 962〔 Le Mans race cars from 1983,〔 and the Audi Sport Quattro S1 rally car.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.lufteknic.com/trans.html#Tiptronic )〕 A dual-clutch transmission eliminates the torque converter as used in conventional epicyclic-geared automatic transmissions.〔 Instead, dual-clutch transmissions that are currently on the market primarily use two oil-bathed wet multi-plate clutches, similar to the clutches used in most motorcycles, though dry clutch versions are also available. The first series production road car with a DCT was the 2003 Volkswagen Golf Mk4 R32.〔 , the largest number of sales of DCTs in Western Europe are by various marques of the German Volkswagen Group,〔 〕 though this is anticipated to lessen as other transmission makers and vehicle manufacturers make DCTs available in series production automobiles.〔 In 2010, on BMW Canada's website for the 3 Series Coupe, it is described both as a 7-speed double-clutch transmission and as a 7-speed automatic transmission. It is actually a dual-clutch semi-automatic. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Dual-clutch transmission」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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